The future of electric vehicles (EVs) is being shaped by a race between China and the United States to develop the most advanced battery technologies. Companies in both countries are working to perfect and scale up next-generation batteries that will power the cars of tomorrow.
The Great Battery Race
Lithium-ion batteries, invented in the U.S., are now mass-produced primarily in China. Chinese automakers are rapidly introducing newer, better batteries, including vehicles with “flash charge” capabilities that can recharge in just five minutes. In contrast, the U.S. has seen slower adoption of EVs due to political divisions over policies promoting their use.
Advancements in Battery Technology
General Motors (GM) recently announced a new lithium manganese-rich (LMR) battery chemistry that is cheaper and more efficient. This development is part of a broader effort by U.S. companies to catch up with China’s advancements in battery technology. Bob Galyen, a retired executive with experience in automotive batteries at GM and CATL, notes that while Chinese companies are ahead in manufacturing technology, American labs are still producing innovative ideas.
Flash Charging and Beyond
At the Shanghai Auto Show, Chinese electric vehicle maker BYD demonstrated its “flash charging” technology, capable of adding 400 kilometers of range in just five minutes. This is significantly faster than Tesla’s Supercharger. BYD plans to install 4,000 fast-charging stations across China, though none will be installed in the U.S. due to trade restrictions.
Global Competition and Collaboration
While the U.S. and China are competing in the EV battery space, there is also potential for collaboration. Ford is licensing technology from Chinese battery maker CATL for use in American-made vehicles. Industry experts see opportunities for more cooperation where it makes business sense, despite political tensions.
The Future of EV Batteries
Beyond current advancements, companies are racing to develop next-generation batteries, including sodium-based and solid-state batteries. These technologies promise to be safer, cheaper, and more energy-dense. While China has made significant investments in its battery industry, U.S. companies remain optimistic about their ability to innovate and compete. Kurt Kelty, GM’s vice president of battery, propulsion and sustainability, believes that with continued innovation and commercialization, the U.S. can build a strong battery industry.
