General Motors Revisits the 512E Electric Bubble Car Concept from 1969
General Motors, the parent company of Chevrolet, Buick, GMC, and Cadillac, is revisiting one of its earliest concept electric vehicles – the 512E. Introduced in May 1969 during the Progress of Power exhibition, this electric bubble car predates other significant electric and hybrid models from GM, such as the EV1 in 1996 and the Chevrolet Volt in 2010. The 512E, formally known as the 512 Electric Experimental, remains a concept vehicle that never entered commercial production.
Design and Features of the 512E Electric Bubble Car
The 512E boasts a compact design with a wheelbase of 52 inches, an overall length of 86.3 inches, and a width of 56 inches. Powered by an 84-volt lead-acid battery and a DC electric motor mounted on the rear axle, this two-seater micro vehicle features a unique roof that doubles as a canopy, opening upwards to facilitate entry and exit. The door swings outward, enhancing accessibility to the tight interior. Inside, the cabin includes a bench seat for the driver and passenger, along with basic controls like a throttle, brake, steering wheel, and even an ashtray.
Performance Limitations and Charging
While innovative for its time, the 512E’s performance was limited. It had a top speed of 30 miles per hour and a maximum range of 47 miles at that speed, or 58 miles at a constant 25 miles per hour. Acceleration was also sluggish, taking 12 seconds to go from 0 to 30 miles per hour. Charging was done using a standard 115-volt household outlet, requiring around seven hours for a full charge. The onboard 12-volt battery, charged by the same outlet, powered accessories like the heater-defroster, headlamps, and horn.
Significance and Legacy of the 512E Concept
The 512E represents GM’s early experimentation with electric vehicle technology and innovative design. Its removable roof allowed it to be transformed into a tiny electric roadster, showcasing versatility. Although it never entered production, the 512E serves as a precursor to modern electric vehicles and a reminder of the time needed for innovative ideas to mature. General Motors’ revisiting of this concept highlights its pride in pioneering designs and its consideration of how past features can influence current and future electric vehicles.
